Non-ferrous metals & other mining.

This chapter combines two different activities that happen to sit in the same GVA envelope: capital-intensive, export-competitive aluminium, zinc and copper smelting (Manufacturing), and a fragmented extraction economy of limestone, crushed stone, sand, granite, marble, bauxite, chromite, manganese and lead-zinc ore (Mining). Together they add about ₹2.4 lakh crore of value in FY26 (0.76% of national GVA), with three listed groups — Vedanta/Hindustan Zinc, Hindalco and NALCO — capturing roughly half of it, mostly on the smelting side. India has world-class bauxite and zinc reserves and is a lowest-cost-quartile aluminium and zinc producer that exports about a third of both, yet per-capita consumption of aluminium (3.6 kg) and copper (0.7 kg) is a tenth of China's, so growth is now driven more by domestic power-transmission, EV and construction demand than by capacity building. The base case takes chapter GVA from ₹2.4 lakh crore (FY26) to about ₹3.55 lakh crore (FY30E) and ₹5.9 lakh crore (FY35E), with the LME aluminium price, captive coal-power costs and the copper-concentrate import market as the main swing factors.

Chapter GVA

2.4 ₹ lakh crore (0.76% of national GVA) · FY26

Non-ferrous metals GVA

1.2 ₹ lakh crore (aluminium ~0.7, zinc-lead ~0.3, copper ~0.15) · FY26

Other minerals & non-iron ores GVA

1.2 ₹ lakh crore (stone/limestone/sand 0.9; bauxite/zinc/chromite/manganese 0.3) · FY26

Primary aluminium production

4.3 million tonnes · FY26

Refined zinc + lead production

1.05 million tonnes · FY26

Refined copper production

0.55 million tonnes · FY26

Aluminium consumption per capita

3.6 kg (vs China 28 kg, World avg 10 kg) · FY26

Copper consumption per capita

0.7 kg · FY26